A small pilot study in athletes found more consistent blood levels when oral doses were taken in a fasted state versus with dinner in the evening
What seems to be a true difference, though, is that the salt form is more stable, easier to formulate and cheaper so it pops up more often on the ingredient lists
The acute effect of different NAD+ precursors included in the combined metabolic activators. Free Radical Biology and Medicine (2023)
The Role of Bioavailability in Your Decision We cannot emphasize enough that the "better" supplement is always the one your body can actually use
Minhas PS, Jones JR, Latif-Hernandez A, Sugiura Y, Durairaj AS, Wang Q, Mhatre SD, Uenaka T, Crapser J, Conley T, Ennerfelt H, Jung YJ, Liu L, Prasad P, Jenkins BC, Ay YA, Matrongolo M, Goodman R, Newmeyer T, Heard K, Kang A, Wilson EN, Yang T, Ullian EM, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Wernig M, Rabinowitz JD, Suematsu M, Longo FM, McReynolds MR, Gage FH, Andreasson KI