doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1093274 Received 08 November 2022 Accepted 20 January 2023 Published 16 February 2023 Volume 10 - 2023 Edited by Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum, Zagazig University, Egypt Reviewed by Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed, Zagazig University, Egypt
Since 2001, as a recommendation for an optimal daily intake of nutrients, vitamins and trace elements
While ROS play a role in cellular signaling and homeostasis at low levels, excess ROS production and/or insufficient antioxidant scavenging leads to oxidative stress (Oswald et al., 2018
Cultured cells were stimulated for 6 h with PMA (50 ng ml 1 ) (BioGems) and ionomycin (1 g ml 1 ) (BioGems) in the presence of brefeldin A (1 g ml 1 ) (GolgiPlug, BD Biosciences), stained for viability (Zombie UV Fixable Viability Dye (BioLegend)) and surface markers, fixed and permeabilized with 3.7% formaldehyde (Sigma) and 0.1% NP-40, respectively, and stained for intracellular cytokines
Consequently, tumor cells exhibit a heightened affinity for Gln absorption within the TME, depleting the limited Gln supply and exerting an immunosuppressive effect (76)
